Java in 2025 - Still a strong backend language, especially in enterprise software, Android development, and big data.
Spring Boot – Microservices and web development
Hibernate – ORM (Object Relational Mapping)
JavaFX – Desktop applications
Kotlin – Modern alternative for Android development
Python – Data science, AI, automation
Go (Golang) – Cloud-native applications
Rust – Systems programming, performance-critical applications
TypeScript – Strongly typed JavaScript for scalable frontend development